Spasticity...Spasticity is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). This term refers to stiffness and muscle spasms resulting from problems with the nerves that control movement. Spasticity is often mild...
MS and Health Insurance...Health insurance coverage is important for anyone but especially so for someone who has MS. In some countries, such as Canada, the United Kingdom, and Germany, patients access medical care...
Bladder Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis...An estimated 80 percent of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) have bladder problems related to the condition. These problems (dysfunctions) happen when nerve signals are disrupted between the brain or...
Common MS Myths & Misconceptions...Several common misconceptions about MS which have persisted over time are explained below. Most of these myths overstate the difficulties that you may encounter living with MS. Most people with...
Managing Anxiety, Mood Changes, and Other MS Emotional Symptoms...There are a variety of treatment options available for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) who experience emotional symptoms, including anxiety, mood swings, pseudobulbar affect (PBA), and stress.Since anxiety typically occurs...
Sexual Dysfunction...Sexual dysfunction is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). Sexual dysfunction includes problems that affect how you enjoy your sexuality. It can affect your overall sexual health. And that...
Emotional Changes...When thinking about multiple sclerosis (MS), we often think of the physical symptoms like pain, numbness, or trouble with walking. However, MS can also take a toll on a person’s...
Bowel Problems...Although symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) vary significantly between people, bowel problems are common. Bowel issues can be difficult to deal with. In some cases, they are unpredictable or severe...
Information for Parents of a Child with MS...Pediatric MS can bring many challenges. These may evolve and change along with a child’s age or developmental stage. However, having MS does not mean your child won’t have a...
Management of Cognitive Problems - Unpublished...Once you have received a cognitive evaluation and cognitive impairment has been identified, you and your doctor will discuss treatment options and other management approaches. There are three types of...
Corticosteroids...Corticosteroids, also called glucocorticoids or steroids, are drugs that are designed to mimic cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that has anti-inflammatory effects. Corticosteroids are used to manage...
Cognitive Changes...In multiple sclerosis (MS), the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks itself. This leads to damage in the central nervous system (CNS), including the brain and spinal cord....
Mobility and Gait Problems...In multiple sclerosis (MS), the body mistakenly attacks healthy cells in the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS plays a role in many of our body’s functions. The brain and...
How Do Lifestyle Factors Affect MS Risk?...There is no single cause of multiple sclerosis (MS). Doctors think MS is caused by a combination of genes, environment, and lifestyle choices. While you cannot change your genes, you...
What Is an MS Cluster?...When people in a community who live close to one another develop MS, it’s natural to wonder whether their disease resulted from common exposure to something in the local environment...
Dizziness and Vertigo...Dizziness and vertigo are common experiences for many people. These can occur on their own or as a result of another underlying condition. Multiple sclerosis (MS) and its related damage...
Products in Development...For many health conditions, products are constantly being developed to improve treatment. With multiple sclerosis (MS), many new products are being researched. These may provide improved treatment options for people...
Managing the Disease Course...Although multiple sclerosis (MS) does not have a cure, there are many drugs you can take to help treat the disease. These drugs, called disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), help prevent permanent...
Numbness or Tingling...Living with multiple sclerosis (MS) comes with its share of challenges. A common symptom of MS is numbness or tingling in the face, hands, arms, legs, or feet. While usually...
Managing Fatigue...People with multiple sclerosis (MS) often report feeling extremely tired, either mentally or physically. This is known as fatigue, and it can be very disabling. Fatigue can strongly affect your...